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Eurasian Society of Educational Research
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Eurasian Society of Educational Research
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Christiaan Huygensstraat 44, Zipcode:7533XB, Enschede, THE NETHERLANDS
Review Article

Identifying Key Variables of Student Dropout in Preschool, Primary, Secondary, and High School Education: An Umbrella Review Approach

Sandra Patricia Barragán Moreno , Alfredo Guzmán Rincón , Gloria Patricia Calderón Carmona , Leandro González Támara , Oscar Leonardo Lozano Galindo

This umbrella review aimed to synthesize variables that explain dropout among students in preschool, primary, secondary, and high school education. Th.


  • Pub. date: April 15, 2025
  • Online Pub. date: April 01, 2025
  • Pages: 585-600
  • 30 Downloads
  • 137 Views
  • 0 Citations

T

This umbrella review aimed to synthesize variables that explain dropout among students in preschool, primary, secondary, and high school education. The study focused on peer-reviewed articles indexed in SCOPUS, Web of Science, and ERIC, identifying five systematic reviews that provided comprehensive insights. Key findings revealed individual factors, such as insufficient parental support, emotional and behavioral challenges, and substance use, play significant roles in influencing student dropout. Socioeconomic factors, including poverty, financial constraints, and social inequalities, were also identified as critical contributors. Additionally, institutional elements such as inadequate school infrastructure, insufficient teacher training, and a lack of culturally relevant resources emerged as barriers to student retention. This review highlights research gaps in political-legislative, sociocultural, and family determinants, longitudinal analyses, dropout interventions’ long-term effectiveness, and marginalized populations’ representation, limiting a comprehensive understanding of student dropout and effective policy development. Recommendations include targeted policies and interventions that foster inclusive and supportive educational environments, reduce inequities, and improve access to resources to minimize dropout rates among students in preschool, primary, secondary, and high school education.

Keywords: Bibliometrics, cause and effect, explanatory variable, school dropouts, systematic review.

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