Relationship between World Assumptions and Resilience in Psychological Counsellors: The Mediating Role of Self-Orientations
The purpose of the study was to examine the mediating role of self-orientations in the relationship between resilience and world assumptions of psycho.
- Pub. date: July 15, 2020
- Pages: 1211-1222
- 463 Downloads
- 974 Views
- 2 Citations
The purpose of the study was to examine the mediating role of self-orientations in the relationship between resilience and world assumptions of psychological counsellors. A total of 321 psychological counsellors, were recruited and 211 of them were women and 110 of them were men. The ages of the participants ranged from 23 to 52. The Brief Resilience Scale, World Assumptions Scale, and Balanced Integration-Differentiation (BID) Scale were used as data collection tools. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, as well as the Bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediation effects. The findings showed that the assumptions of benevolence, randomness, self-worth, and justice and self-orientation were positively related to psychological resilience. Results of the mediation analysis revealed that self-developmental and interrelational orientations had mediation effects on relationships between world assumptions and resilience as in the proposed model. Findings for the model tested in the study were discussed with the literature and the implications were given to field experts, researchers, and psychological counsellors.
Keywords: Psychological counsellors, resilience, world assumptions, self-orientation, Turkish culture.
References
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 1-26.
Baumeister, R. F. (1999). The nature and the structure of the self: An overview. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), The self in social psychology (pp. 1-20). Taylor & Francis.
Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Volume 1 Attachment. Basic Books
Burger, J. M. (2015). Personality. Cengage Learning.
Bruggen, V., Klooster, P. M., Niels, A., Smith A. J. M., Westerhof, G. J., & Glas, G. (2018). Structural validity of the world assumption scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 31, 816–825.
Buyukozturk, S. (2019). Sosyal bilimler icin veri analizi el kitabi [Handbook of statistical analysis for social sciences]. Pegem.
Constantine, M. G. (2001). Independent and interdependent self-construal as predictors of multicultural case conceptualization ability in counsellor trainees. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 14 (1), 33-42.
Corey, G. (2009). Theory and practice of counselling and psychotherapy. Thomson, Brooks/Cole
Cormier, S., Nurius, P. S., & Osborn, C. J. (2009). Interviewing and change strategies for helpers. Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
Currier, J. M., Holland, J. M., & Neimeyer, R. A. (2009). Assumptive worldviews and problematic reactions to bereavement. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 14, 181–195.
Dearden, J. (2004). Resilience: A study of risk and protective factors from the perspective of young people with experience of local authority care. Support for Learning, 19 (4), 187-193.
Dekel, R., Solomon, Z., Elklit, A., & Ginzburg, K. (2004). World assumptions and combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. The Journal of Social Psychology, 144, 88-109.
Demirtas, A. S. (2019). Secure attachment and mental well-being: Gratitude, hope and ego-resiliency as mediators. Turkish Psychological Counselling and Guidance Journal/ Turk Psikolojik Danisma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 9(54), 937-964.
Dogan, T. (2015). Kısa psikolojik saglamlik ölcegi’nin Turkce uyarlamasi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Adaptation of the Brief Resilience Scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study]. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 3(1), 93-102.
Duff, C. T., & Bedi, R. P. (2010). Counsellor behaviours that predict therapeutic alliance: From the client's perspective. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 23, 91-110.
Earvolino‐Ramirez, M. (2007). Resilience: A concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 42 (2), 73-82.
Elklit, A., Shevlin, M., Solomon, M., & Dekel, R. (2007). Factor structure and concurrent validity of the World Assumptions Scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20 (3), 291-301.
Eker, I. (2016). Travmatik yasantilarin psikolojik sagliga etkisi: Travmanin turu, zaman yonelimi, dunyaya iliskin varsayimlar ve ruminasyonlar acisindan bir inceleme [Traumatic life experiences and psychological health: An investigation in terms of type of trauma, time perspective, world assumptions and rumination] [Unpublished master's thesis]. University of Ankara
Ercan, H. (2013). Genc yetiskinlerde benlik kurgusu uzerine bir calisma [A study on self-construal of young adults]. Journal of World of Turks/ Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken, 5(2), 157-178.
Eryilmaz, A. (2013). Using of positive psychology on psychological counselling and guidance context on character strength and preventive services. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 1 (1), 1-22.
Froutan, R. Mazlom, R., Malekzadeh, J., & Mirhaghi, A. (2018). Relationship between resilience and personality traits in paramedics. International Journal of Emergency Services, 7 (1), 4-12.
Graber, R., Pichon, F., & Carabine, E. (2015). Psychological resilience. Overseas Development Institute.
Grant, L., & Kinman, G. (2014). Emotional resilience in the helping professions and how it can be enhanced. Health and Social Care Education, 3 (1), 23-34.
Guler-Edwards, A. (2008). Relationship between future time orientation, adaptive self-regulation, and well-being: Self-type and age-related differences [Unpublished master's thesis]. University of Middle East Technical University.
Ikiz, F. E, & Totan, T. (2014). Etkili psikolojik danısman niteliklerinin degerlendirilmesine iliskin olcek gelistirme calismasi [A scale developing to assess effective counsellor characteristics]. Turkish Psychological Counselling and Guidance Journal/ Turk Psikolojik Danisma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 5 (42), 269-279.
Hayes, A. F., & Preacher, K. J. (2013) Conditional process modelling: Using structural equation modelling to examine contingent causal processes. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), Structural equation modelling: A second course (pp. 219–266). Information Age Publishing.
Imamoglu, E. O. (1998). Individualism and collectivism in a model and scale of balanced differentiation and integration. The Journal of Psychology, 132, 95-105.
Imamoglu, E. O. (2003). Individuation and relatedness: Not opposing but distinct and complementary. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 129, 367-402.
Imamoglu, E. O., & Beydogan, B. (2011). Impact of self-orientations and work-context related variables on the well-being of public and private-sector Turkish employees. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 145 (4), 267-296.
Imamoglu, E. O., & Karakitapoglu-Aygun, Z. (2006). Actual, ideal, and expected relatedness with parents across and within cultures. European Journal of Social Psychology, 36, 721-745.
Isik, S. (2016). Turkiye’de kendini toparlama gucu konusunda yapilmis arastirmalarin incelenmesi. [Analysis of the Studies in the Field of Resilience Published in Turkey]. Turkish Psychological Counselling and Guidance Journal / Turk Psikolojik Danisma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 6 (45), 65-76.
Janoff-Bulman, R. (2010). Shattered assumptions: Toward a new psychology of trauma. Simon & Schuster.
Janoff-Bulman, R. (1989). Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: Applications of the schema construct. Social Cognition, 7, 113-136.
Janoff-Bulman, R., & Berg, M. (1998). Disillusionment and the creation of value: From traumatic loss to existential gains. In J. Harvey (Ed.), Perspectives on loss: A sourcebook (pp. 35-47). Taylor & Francis.
Kagitcibasi, C. (2010). Benlik, aile ve insan gelisimi: Kulturel psikoloji. [Self, family and human development: Cultural psychology]. Koc University Publications.
Karairmak, O. (2006). Psikolojik saglamlik, risk faktorleri ve koruyucu faktorler [Resilience, risk and protective factors]. Turkish Psychological Counselling and Guidance Journal / Turk Psikolojik Danisma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3 (26), 129-138.
Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11 (4), 1-10.
Kurt, T. (2013). Ebeveynleri bosanmis ergenlerin yilmazlik, benlik saygisi, basa cikma ve psikolojik belirtiler arasindaki iliskinin incelenmesi: yilmazligin araci rolu [Searching the relation between the resilience, self-esteem, coping and psychological symptoms of divorced parent adolescents: The intermediary role of resilience] [Unpublished master's thesis]. Gazi University.
Lambert, S.F., & Lawson, G. (2013). Resilience of professional counsellors following hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Journal of Counselling & Development, 9, 261-268.
Levene, S. (2003). Psychological and social aspects of resilience: A synthesis of risks and resources. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 5 (3), 273-280.
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253.
McEwen, K. (2011). Building resilience at work. Australian Academic Press.
Ngui, G. K., & Lay, Y. F. (2020). The effect of emotional intelligence, self-efficacy, subjective well-being and resilience on student teachers’ perceived practicum stress: A Malaysian case study. European Journal of Educational Research, 9 (1), 277 - 291. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.1.277.
Oshio, A., Taku, K., Hirano, M., & Saeed, G. (2018). Resilience and big five personality traits: A meta-analysis. Personaliy and Individual Differences, 127, 54-60.
Rasmussen, P. D., Storebo, O. J., Løkkeholt, T., Voss, L. G., Shmueli-Goetz, Y., Bojesen, A. B., SimonsEn, E., & Bilenberg, N. (2018). Attachment as a core feature of resilience: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Reports, 1-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294118785577
Schleider, J. L., Woerner, J., Overstreet, C., Amstadter, A. B., & Sartor, C. E. (2020). Interpersonal trauma exposure and depression in young adults: Considering the role of world assumptions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518819879.
Siegel, D. J. (2010). The mindful therapist: A new approach to cultivating your own neural integration from the inside out. CMI/Premier Education Solutions.
Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construal. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 580–591.
Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: Assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioural Medicine, 15, 194–200.
Sun, J., & Stewart, D. (2007). Age and gender effects on resilience in children and adolescents. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 9 (4), 16-25.
Tansel, B., Tunc, A., & Gundogdu, M. (2015). Cocuk sube mudurlugunde calisan polis memurlarinin ikincil travmatik stres duzeylerinin incelenmesi [Examining secondary traumatic stress levels of police officer employed inpolice juvenile branch/bureau office]. Hitit University Journal of Social Sciences Institute/ Hitit Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu Dergisi, 8 (2), 675-688.
Tolga, O., Caz, C., & Kayhan, R. F. (2018). The relationship between resilience and constant hope in students studying sports science. European Journal of Educational Research, 7(3), 583 - 589. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.7.3.583
Triandis, H. C. (2001). Individualism-collectivism and personality. Journal of Personality, 69 (6), 907-924.
Unutmaz, R. (2019). Baglanma ve kisilik ozellikleri ile ayrisma ve butunlesme arasindaki iliskide stresin araci rolu [The mediating role of stress in the relationship between attachment, personality types and differentiation-integration]. [Unpublished master's thesis]. Baskent University.
Webb, T. L., Miles, E., & Sheeran, P. (2012). Dealing with feeling: A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 138, 775-808.
Yeniceri, Z. (2013). Impact of self-orientations on well-being during adulthood: The mediating roles of meaning in life, attitudes towards death and religious [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Middle East Technical University.
Yilmaz, B. (2008). Dunyaya iliskin varsayimlar olcegi gecerlik ve guvenirlik calismasi: On calisma. [Reliability and validity study of world assumptions scale: Pilot study]. Turkish Psychological Articles /Turk Psikoloji Yazilari, 11 (21), 41-51.