logo logo European Journal of Educational Research

EU-JER is is a, peer reviewed, online academic research journal.

Subscribe to

Receive Email Alerts

for special events, calls for papers, and professional development opportunities.

Subscribe

Publisher (HQ)

Eurasian Society of Educational Research
Eurasian Society of Educational Research
Christiaan Huygensstraat 44, Zipcode:7533XB, Enschede, THE NETHERLANDS
Eurasian Society of Educational Research
Headquarters
Christiaan Huygensstraat 44, Zipcode:7533XB, Enschede, THE NETHERLANDS
Research Article

The Relationships between Quality of Work Life, School Alienation, Burnout, Affective Commitment and Organizational Citizenship: A Study on Teachers

Huseyin Akar

This research aimed to investigate relationships between quality of work life, burnout, school alienation, affective commitment and organizational cit.

T

This research aimed to investigate relationships between quality of work life, burnout, school alienation, affective commitment and organizational citizenship behaviors. In this context, a model was proposed based on the literature review and the model was tested through structural equation model. The study group of the research consists of 314 volunteer teachers working in the state schools in Kilis in 2016-2017 academic years. The data was collected through work-related quality of life scale, burnout scale, school alienation scale, affective commitment scale and organizational citizenship behaviors scale. The analysis with descriptive, correlation, path and bootstrap methods were used to analyze the data. As a result of the analysis, it was found that teachers' perceptions for quality of work life have a negative effect on burnout and school alienation, whereas they have a positive effect on affective commitment. Besides, their perceptions for affective commitment have a positive impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. Another important result derived from the research is that teachers' perceptions for burnout and school alienation play partial mediation roles in the effect of their perceptions for quality of work life on affective commitment. Based on these results, it can be suggested that teachers' working conditions should be constantly improved.

Keywords: Quality of work life, work alienation, burnout, affective commitment and organizational citizenship

cloud_download PDF
Cite
Article Metrics
Views
2670
Download
3587
Citations
Crossref
42

Scopus
48

References

Abbasi, M., Samadzadeh, M., & Shahbazzadegan, B. (2011). Comparison of quality of life and family performance in satisfied and unsatisfied groups of staffs in industrial units of Ardabil province, Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 15, 1936-1941.

Aiken, M., & Hage, J., (2001). Relationship of centralization to other structural properties. Administrative Science Quarterly, 12(1), 72-92.

Akar, H. (2017). Ogretmenlerin donusumcu liderlik, orgutsel adalet ve orgutsel destek algilarinin is yasam kaliteleri uzerine etkisi [Effects of teachers' transformational leadership, organizational justice and organizational support perceptions on their quality of worklife], Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Inonu University, Institute of Educational Sciences,  Malatya.

Akar, H., & Ustuner, M. (2017). Turkish adaptation of work-related quality of life scale: Validity and reliability studies. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 18(2), 159-176.

Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18.

Arabaci, I. B., & Akar, H. (2010). Egitim mufettislerinin bazi sosyal, demografik ve mesleki ozelliklerine gore mesleki tukenmislik duzeylerinin belirlenmesi[Determination the Professional Burnout Levels of Education Inspectors According to Their Some Social, Demographic and Professional Characteristics]. Dicle University Journal of  Ziya Gokalp Faculty of Education, 15, 78-91.

Asakura, T., & Fujigaki, Y. (1993). The impact of computer technology on job characteristics and workers' health. Advances in Human Factors Ergonomics, 19, 982-982.

Asgari, M. H., Nojbaee, S. S., &  Rahnama, O. (2012). The relationship between quality of work life and performance of Tonekabon guidance schools teachers. Journal of Basic & Applied Scientific Research, 2(3), 2569-2575.

Baleghizadeh, S., & Gordani, Y. (2012). Motivation and quality of work life among secondary school efl teachers. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 37(7), 30-42.

Banai, M., Reisel, W. D., & Probst, T. M. (2004). A managerial and personal control model: Predictions of work alienation and organizational commitment in Hungary. Journal of International Management, 10(3), 375-392.

Benjamin, A. (2012). The influence of affective commitment on citizenship behavior and intention to quit among commercial banks' employees in Nigeria. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 2(2), 54-68.

Bhatnagar, T., & Soni, H.(2015).  Impact of quality of work life on job satisfaction of school teachers in Udaipur City, IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 17(3), 10-14.

Bienstock, C. C., DeMoranville, C. W., & Smith, R. K. (2003). Organizational citizenship behavior and service quality. Journal of Services Marketing, 17(4), 357-378.

Brennan, R. T., & Barnett, R. C. (1998). Negative affectivity: How serious a threat to self-report studies of psychological distress. Women’s Health: Research on Gender, Behavior, and Policy, 4(4), 369-384.

Chiaburu, D. S., Thundiyil, T., & Wang, J. (2014). Alienation and its correlates: A meta-analysis. European Management Journal, 32(1), 24-36.

Chien, C. C., & Su, F. C. (2009). The mediating role of job involvement in the relationship between job characteristics and organizational citizenship behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology, 149(4), 474-494.

Clark, S. K., Halbesleben, J. R., Lester, S. W., & Heintz, R. (2010). Temporary worker alienation and job performance: The impact of rating source. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 17(3), 287-297.

Cooper, C. L., Dewe, P. J., & O'Driscoll, M. P. (2001). Organizational stress: A review and critique of theory, research, and applications. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Cordes, C. L., & Dougherty, T. W. (1993). A review and an integration of research on job burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18(4), 621-656.

Capri, B. (2013). Tukenmislik olcegi-kisa formu ile es tukenmislik olcegi-kisa formu’nun turkce uyarlamasi ve psikoanalitik-varoluscu bakis acisindan mesleki ve es tukenmislik iliskisi [The Turkish Adaptation of the Burnout Measure-Short Version (BMS) and Couple Burnout Measure-Short Version (CBMS) and the Relationship between Career and Couple Burnout Based on Psychoanalytic- Existential Perspective]. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri [Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice], 13(3), 1393-1418.

Cetinkanat, A. C., & Kosterelioglu, M. A. (2016). Relationship between Quality of Work Life and Work Alienation: Research on Teachers. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4(8), 1778-1786.

Danna, K., & Griffin, R. W. (1999). Health and well-being in the workplace: A review and synthesis of the literature. Journal of Management, 25(3), 357-384.

Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. (2004). Beyond money: Toward an economy of well-being. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 5(1), 1-31.

Donalson, S. (2000). Health behavior: quality of work life, and organizational Effectivness in the lunbe industry, SAGE publication Inc.

Dworkin, A. G., Saha, L. J., & Hill, A. N. (2003). Teacher burnout and perceptions of a democratic school environment. International Education Journal, 4(2), 108-120.

Easton, S., & Van Laar, D.L (2012). User manual for the Work-Related Quality of Life (WRQoL) scale. Portsmouth, UK: University of Portsmouth.

Elma, C. (2003). Ilkogretim okulu ogretmenlerinin ise yabancilasmasi (Ankara ili ornegi) [Teachers work alienation in elementary school (Ankara case study)]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ankara University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.

Erdem, M. (2014). The level of quality of work life to predict work alienation. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(2), 534-544.

Erjem, Y. (2005). Egitimde yabancilasma olgusu ve ogretmen: Lise ogretmenleri uzerinde sosyolojik bir arastirma [The fenomen of alienation in education: A sociological research on the high school teachers]. The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences, 3(4), 1-22.

Gallie, D. (2005). Work pressure in Europe 1996-2001: Trends and determinants. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 43(3), 351-75.

Ghorpade, J., Lackritz, J., & Singh, G. (2007). Burnout and personality: Evidence from academia. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(2), 240-256.

Gillespie, N. A., Walsh, M. H. W. A., Winefield, A. H., Dua, J., & Stough, C. (2001). Occupational stress in universities: Staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress. Work & stress, 15(1), 53-72.

Harrison, D. A., Newman, D. A., & Roth, P. L. (2006). How important are job attitudes? Meta-analytic comparisons of integrative behavioral outcomes and time sequences. Academy of Management journal, 49(2), 305-325.

Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., & Johnson, D. E. (1998). Administración del comportamiento organizacional: Liderazgo situacional. México: Prentice Hall.

Hirschfeld, R. R. (2002). Achievement orientation and psychological involvement in job tasks: The interactive effects of work alienation and intrinsic job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(8), 1663-1681.

Hirschfeld, R.R. & Field, H.S. (2000) Work Centrality and Work Alienation: Distinct Aspects of a General Commitment to Work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 789-800.

Hock, R. R. (1988). Professional burnout among public school teachers. Public Personnel Management, 17(2), 167-189.

Hodson, R. (2001). Dignity at work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hong, K., Tan, K., & Bujang, S. (2010). Relationships between work life quality of teachers with work commitment, stress and satisfaction: A study In Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Jurnal Teknologi, 52, 1–15.

Hoy, W. K., Blazovsky, R., & Newland, W. (1983). Bureaucracy and alienation: A comparative analysis. Journal of Educational Administration, 21(2), 109-120.

Huzzard T. (2003). The convergence of the quality of working life and competitiveness, Stockholm: National Institute for Working Life.

Iacovides, A., Fountoulakis, K. N., Kaprinis, S., & Kaprinis, G. (2003). The relationship between job stress, burnout and clinical depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 75(3), 209-221.

Isikhan, V. (2004). Calisma Hayatinda Stres ve Basa Cikma Yollari [Stress and ways of coping in working life]. Ankara: Sandal Pub.

Kanungo, R. N. (1983). Work alienation: A pancultural perspective. International Studies of Management & Organization, 13(1-2), 119-138.

Kanungo, R. N. (1992). Alienation and empowerment: Some ethical imperatives in business. Journal of Business Ethics, 11(5-6), 413-422.

Khalid, S. A., & Ali, H. (2005). The effects of organizational citizenship behaviour on withdrawal behaviour: A Malaysian study. International Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship, 1, 30-40.

Khan, M. R., Ziauddin, J. F., & Ramay, M. I. (2010). The impacts of organizational commitment on employee job performance. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(3), 292-298.

Kheirandish S, M. (2009). Relation between working life quality and performance of employees in Irankhodro Dizeli company. Master's thesis. Alame Tabatabaii University.

Kursunoglu, A., & Tanriogen, E. B. A. (2010). Ilkogretim okulu ogretmenlerinin orgutsel baglilik duzeyleri[Organizational Commitment Levels of Elementary School Teachers]. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 28(28), 101-115.

Ladebo, O., & Oloruntoba, A. (2005). The effects of stressors, positive affectivity and coping strategies on well-being among academic staff in a Nigerian Agricultural University. Acta Academica, 37(3), 212-233.

Lau, T., Y.H., Wong, K.F., Chan, & M., Law. (2001). Information technology and the work environment-does it change the way people interact at work. Human Systems Management, 20(3), 267-280.

Li, Y. (2014). Building affective commitment to organization among Chinese university teachers: the roles of organizational justice and job burnout. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 26(2), 135-152.

Magni, M., & Pennarola, F. (2008). Intra-organizational relationships and technology acceptance. International Journal of Information Management, 28(6), 517-523.

Mahmoodi, N., Mohamadian, Z., Ghasemi, V. & Fallah, S.(2015).  The relationship between worklife quality and high school teachers’ creativity of Rasht, Iran, Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 5(1), 717-724

Malach-Pines, A. (2005). The burnout measure, short version. International Journal of Stress Management, 12(1), 78-88.

Manju, N. D. (2014). Organizational climate and job satisfaction of teacher educators. Conflux Journal of Education, 2(6), 10-20.

Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2005). Stress and burnout: The critical research. Handbook of Stress Medicine and Health, 2, 155-172.

Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422.

Masoomzadeh, D., Feizi, M. & Alipour, H.(2013). Surveying the relationship between quality of work Life components and counterproductive behavior in Ardabil province of mellat bank employees, Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Nigerian Chapter) , 1(3), 22-28

Messer, B. A., & White, F. A. (2006). Employees’ mood, perceptions of fairness, and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Business and Psychology, 21(1), 65-82.

Meyer J P, Stanley D J, Herscovitch L., & Topolnytsky L (2002), “Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61, 20-52.

Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.

Meyer, J. P., & Herscovitch, L. (2001). Commitment in the workplace: Toward a general model. Human Resource Management Review, 11(3), 299-326.

Michie, S., & Williams, S. (2003). Reducing work related psychological ill health and sickness absence: A systematic literature review. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 60(1), 3-9.

Mohseni Tabrizi, A., Zanjani, H., Taleghani, M., &Taleghani, M. (2011). Alienation of Work and itsImpact on Labor Productivity. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 1(11), 2051-2058

Monfaredniya, N. (2008). Examination of relation between working life quality and vocational weariness of Tehran Azad Universities employees. MA thesis. Tehran IT University.

Moorman, R. H. (1991). Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship?. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(6), 845.

Moorman, R. H., Niehoff, B. P., & Organ, D. W. (1993). Treating employees fairly and organizational citizenship behavior: Sorting the effects of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and procedural justice. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 6(3), 209-225.

Nair, S. (2013). A study on the effect of quality of work life (QWL) on organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB)-with special reference to college teachers is Thrissur District, Kerala. Integral Review-A Journal of Management, 6(1), 34-46.

Ogba, I. (2006). Organisational measurement: exploring and developing effective exployee commitment measurement. In Neely, A., Kennerley, M., & Walters, A. (Eds), Performance measurement and management: public and private. Centre for business performance, Bedfordshire.

Organ D.W., Podsakoff P.M. & MacKenzie S.B. (2006). Organizational citizenship behaviour:Its nature, antecedents, and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington Books/DC Heath and Com.

Organ, D. W. and Ryan, K. (1995). A Meta-Analytic Review of Attitudinal and Dispositional Predictors of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Personnel Psychology, 48(4), 775 – 802.

Ozturk, G. (2011). Public Primary School Teachers' Perceptions of Their Working Conditions and Job Stress: Cases from Istanbul and Stockholm. Institutionen for internationell pedagogik, Stockholms Universitet.

Pardakhtchi MH, Ahmadi GA, Arezoumand F. (2009). The quality of work life and burnout among teachers and principals in Takestan Schools. Journal of Educational Leadership & Administration, 3(9), 25–50.

Permarupan, P. Y., Al-Mamun, A., & Saufi, R. A. (2013). Quality of work life on employees job Involvement and affective commitment between the public and private sector in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 9(7), 268.

Piko, B. F. (2006). Burnout, role conflict, job satisfaction and psychosocial health among Hungarian health care staff: a questionnaire survey. International journal of nursing studies, 43(3), 311-318.

Podsakoff, P. M., & MacKenzie, S. B. (1989). A second generation measure of organizational citizenship behavior. Unpublished manuscript, Indiana University, Bloomington.

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513-563.

Polat, S. (2007). Ortaogretim ogretmenlerinin orgutsel adalet algilari, orgutsel guven duzeyleri ile orgutsel vatandaslik davranislari arasindaki iliski[Relation between organizational justice perceptions, organizational trust levels and organzational citizenship behaviors of secondary education teachers]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Kocaeli University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Kocaeli.

Pradhan, R. K., Jena, L. K., & Kumari, I. G. (2016). Effect of work–life balance on organizational citizenship behaviour: role of organizational commitment. Global Business Review, 17(3), 15-29.

Qin, W. B. (2009). The relationship between job burnout and organizational commitment among P. E. teachers in regular university in Anhui province (Master’s thesis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China). Retrieved from http://epub.cnki.net

Rothmann, S., Barkhuizen, N., & Tytherleigh, M. Y. (2008). Model of work-related ill health of academic staff in a South African higher education institution. South African Journal of Higher Education, 22(2), 404-422.

Russell, D. W., Altmaier, E., & Van Velzen, D. (1987). Job-related stress, social support, and burnout among classroom teachers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72(2), 269.

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi‐sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315.

Schultz, D.,  & Schultz, S. E. (2006). Psychology & Work Today. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.

Seligman, M.E. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York: Free Press.

Shain, S.(2008). Stress at work, mental injury and the law in Canada: a discussion paper for the mental health commission of Canada, Retrieved from

http://www. mentalhealthcommission.ca/SiteCollectionDocuments/Key_Documents/en/2009/ Stress%20 at%20Work%20MHCC%20V%203%20Feb%2020 09.pdf.

Sirgy, J.M., Efraty, D, Siegel, P., & Lee, D. (2001). A new measure of quality of work life (QWL) based on need satisfaction and spillover Theories. Social Indicators Research, 55(3), 241-302.

Siu, O. L. (2003). Job stress and job performance among employees in Hong Kong: The role of Chinese work values and organizational commitment. International Journal of Psychology, 38(6), 337-347.

Spitzmuller, M., Van Dyne, L., & Ilies, R. (2008). Organizational citizenship behavior: A review and extension of its nomological network. The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Behavior, 1, 106-123.

Staples, J. G., & Barlett, K. R. (2003). International Research on Orgaisational Commitment: An extension of Randall's 1993 Study. In Lynham, S.A., & Egan, T.M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Academy of Human Resource Development Conference Proceedings

Suliman, A., & Iles, P. (2000). Is continuance commitment beneficial to organizations? Commitment-performance relationship: A new look. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15(5), 407-422.

Swider, B. W., & Zimmerman, R. D. (2010). Born to burnout: A meta-analytic path model of personality, job burnout, and work outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76(3), 487-506.

Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Principal components and factor analysis. Using Multivariate Statistics, 4, 582-633.

Tan-Ucanok, B. (2016). The role of work centrality in the relationship between work alienation and organisational commitment. Journal for East European Management Studies, 21(1), 60-81.

Tasdemir Afsar, S. (2014). Impact of the Quality of Work-life on Organizational Commitment: A Comparative Study on Academicians Working for State and Foundation Universities in Turkey. International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(4), 124-152.

Tinsley, H. E. & Tinsley, D. J. (1987). Uses of factor analysis in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34(4), 414.

Toulabi, Z., Raoufi, M., & Allahpourashraf, Y. (2013). The relationship between teachers’ happiness and quality of working life. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 691-695.

Tuncer, M. (2012). The effect of the quality of working life on emloyees intentions regarding leaving their job: An application on hotel enterprises. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Gazi University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara.

Van Laar, D., Edwards, J. A., & Easton, S. (2007). The work‐related quality of life scale for healthcare workers. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 60(3), 325-333.

Waitayangkook, C. (2003). Quality of work life: interactional perspective with Thai aspect, University of North Texas: consultant, scri, manplaw office, Bangkook, Thailand.

Warr, P. (1987). Work, unemployment and mental health. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (2007). Job satisfaction and psychological well-being as nonadditive predictors of workplace turnover. Journal of Management, 33(2), 141-160.

Zadeh, R.H. (2016). The relationship between quality of work life, Life satisfaction and knowledge management in second high school teachers (Case study: Zabol City).  Journal of Novel Applied Sciences, 5(5), 157-160

Zeidan, S. (2006). Workers’ affective commitment and their willingness to perform discretionary work behavior: The impact of commitment-oriented human resources management practices. Journal of Business Systems, Governance and Ethics, 1(1), 13-23.

...